Origin and History

The Spanish Greyhound, also known as the Galgo Español, is an ancient sighthound breed that originated in Spain. This breed has a rich history, believed to have descended from Sloughis brought to the Iberian Peninsula during the Muslim conquest. The existence of the Celtic vertragus in Roman Iberia 2,000 years ago suggests a Central European type origin. The Galgo was cross-bred with the Sloughi from North Africa by the Moors, and it is thought to be ancestral to the English Greyhound.

Throughout history, the Galgo was highly valued and was kept mainly by the aristocracy in both Christian and Muslim kingdoms. The breed was so esteemed that laws were enacted to punish the killing or theft of Galgos. The Galgo was also depicted in art and literature, including in the famous novel Don Quixote de La Mancha, which was published in 1605. The breed's portrayal in this literary work contributed to its fame and mystique.

In the 20th century, crossbreeding with the English Greyhound occurred to produce faster dogs for track racing. This was a period of significant development for the breed, with the first races being organized in the 1920s. However, this practice was later abandoned to preserve the breed's purity. The purebred Galgo remained primarily in Spanish villages as an excellent hunting dog. However, the breed faces challenges, with an estimated 50,000 to 100,000 Galgos and Podencos killed each year by hunters, often in cruel ways. This has been a persistent issue that has garnered attention and concern from animal welfare organizations.

Appearance and Coat

The Spanish Greyhound has a lean, athletic build, resembling the Greyhound but with distinct differences. They are higher in the rear than in the front and have flatter muscling, indicative of endurance runners. Their chests are not as deep as a Greyhound's, and they have a very long, streamlined head that gives the impression of larger ears.

There are two coat types: smooth and rough. The rough coat provides extra protection from skin injuries while running in the field. This adaptation is particularly useful as the Galgo is known for its high speeds and agility. The Galgo comes in a variety of colors and patterns, with main colors including barcino or atigrado (brindle), negro (black), barquillo (golden), tostado (toasted), canela (cinnamon), amarillo (yellow), rojo (red), blanco (white), berrendo (white with patches), and pío (any color with white muzzle and forehead). These colors and patterns are recognized by the Spanish Kennel Club (Real Club Canino de España) in the breed's registry.

Temperament and Traits

The Spanish Greyhound is known for its gentle, calm temperament, along with intelligence, affection, and loyalty. They are also independent and can be reserved, especially with strangers. These dogs are not highly energetic, making them suitable for households with a moderate activity level.

With a life span of 12-15 years, the Galgo weighs between 23-30 kg for males and 20-27 kg for females. Males stand at 60-70 cm and females at 58-68 cm in height. Their size is large, with a medium-length coat, low energy level, medium friendliness, and medium shedding. They are highly trainable and are bred as hounds, which is evident in their natural hunting instincts. Their hunting background has also shaped their personality and social behavior.

Health Considerations

While generally a healthy breed, the Spanish Greyhound is sensitive to anaesthesia. Owners should be aware of this and discuss with their veterinarian the best practices for anesthesia during medical procedures. This sensitivity can pose challenges, particularly if the dog requires surgery or dental work.

Other health concerns that may affect the Spanish Greyhound include hip dysplasia, which is a common condition in large breeds, and certain eye disorders.

Use and Purpose

The Spanish Greyhound is primarily used for hunting, particularly for coursing hare and other game. They are also used in racing, lure coursing, and field hunting where dogs chase prey without human intervention. The breed's speed, agility, and keen sense of smell make them exceptional hunters. Their hunting instincts have been refined over centuries, and they are often praised for their tenacity and determination.

Despite their hunting background, the Galgo can adapt to various lifestyles. They are affectionate and loyal, making them suitable as family pets. However, their reserved nature means they may not be the best choice for highly active families or those seeking a dog for rough play. Their gentle and calm demeanor makes them ideal companions for those who appreciate a more laid-back pet.

Mistreatment and Advocacy

Unfortunately, the Spanish Greyhound has faced significant mistreatment, particularly in Spain, where hunters and breeders have been known to treat these dogs cruelly. Reports indicate that up to 50,000 to 100,000 Galgos and Podencos are killed each year in brutal ways, often as a result of hunting practices that involve throwing them to the dogs or leaving them to starve. This has led to the formation of associations dedicated to saving these dogs, providing rehabilitation, and finding them adoptive homes.

Legislation has been introduced to protect animals, amending the Civil Code to consider them 'sentient beings' and requiring proper care. Associations work to educate the public about the breed and advocate for their rights, aiming to end the mistreatment and ensure a better future for the Spanish Greyhound. The campaign to end the killing of these dogs has gained significant traction, with prominent figures and celebrities supporting the cause.

Buying a Spanish Greyhound

Look for reputable breeders who prioritize the health and well-being of their dogs. Ensure that the breeder is committed to ethical practices and has a good reputation in the community. Reputable breeders often have a waitlist for puppies and will be able to provide health clearances and a detailed history of the dog's ancestors.

Be prepared for the costs associated with owning a Galgo. Additionally, the breed's moderate exercise needs require an investment in regular walks and playtime.

Lastly, be aware of the breed's history and the challenges they have faced. By adopting a Spanish Greyhound, you can contribute to the efforts to end mistreatment and provide a loving home to a dog that has been through much. Adoption from rescue organizations is also an option and can be a rewarding experience for both the dog and the new owner.

Care and Maintenance

The smooth-coated variety requires less grooming than the rough-coated variety, but both should be checked regularly for ticks and burrs after outdoor activities.

Exercise is another important aspect of care. While the Spanish Greyhound is not highly energetic, they do require regular physical activity to maintain their health and well-being. This can include daily walks, play sessions, and opportunities to run at a safe distance.

Positive reinforcement methods work best, as they respond well to rewards and praise.