Origin and History

The Saint-Usuge Spaniel, also known as Épagneul de Saint-Usuge, is a breed with roots tracing back to the 16th century in the Bresse region of France. This area is known for its rich history and picturesque landscapes, which have influenced the breed's development. By the mid-20th century, the breed was on the brink of extinction, primarily due to the decline of traditional hunting practices and the lack of dedicated breeders. However, through the dedicated efforts of Father Robert Billard, who was appointed curé of Savigny-en-Revermont in 1939, the breed was successfully resurrected in the second half of the 20th century. Billard's work involved locating the last recorded Saint-Usuge Spaniel in a dog show from 1936 and visiting hunters in his parish to find more dogs that matched the breed description. His breeding programme resulted in nearly 250 dogs over a 33-year period, with each puppy's hunting qualities and behavioral traits meticulously recorded.

The breed club, Club de l'Epagneul de Saint-Usuge, was founded in 1990, and the Saint Usuge Spaniel was recognized by the Société Centrale Canine (French Kennel Club) in 2003. Although not fully recognized by the American Kennel Club, it is listed in the club's companion animal recovery scheme. Recognition by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale is pending, and since 1990, more than 1,200 dogs have been bred, with secondary populations in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Canada, and the United States.

Physical Description

The Saint-Usuge Spaniel is a medium-sized dog with an elegant and robust build. Males typically stand at 45-54 cm at the withers, while females range from 41-52 cm. The weight of males is generally between 13-20 kg, and for females, it is 13-19 kg. Their coat is medium in length and comes in a single color, brown, with permissible white markings, including a white "star" on the forehead. The coat may also have fringes of fur on the ears, tail, shoulders, and chest. The tail of the Saint Usuge is naturally long and curved, never docked. This distinctive tail carriage is a hallmark of the breed and contributes to their regal appearance.

According to the breed standard, the Saint-Usuge Spaniel has a well-muscled body with a broad, deep chest. Their ears are located below the eye line and have fringes long enough to reach the tip of the nose, adding to their typical spaniel appearance. The breed's coat texture is smooth and dense, providing protection against the elements during hunting excursions.

Temperament and Behavior

The Saint-Usuge Spaniel is known for its gentle, affectionate, and intelligent temperament. They are eager to please and loyal, making them excellent companions. This breed is energetic and adaptable, making them well-suited for various activities and environments. Their friendly nature makes them suitable for families, although they may be more energetic than some other breeds, requiring an active lifestyle to thrive. The Saint-Usuge Spaniel is often described as having a cheerful disposition, which enhances their appeal as a family pet.

In the field, the Saint-Usuge Spaniel is versatile, capable of working in a variety of terrains, including swamps, water, and thickets. They specialize in hunting waterfowl and woodcock, showcasing their pointing and retrieving abilities. Their temperament and trainability make them easy to train, which is beneficial for both sporting activities and everyday life. The breed's natural hunting instincts are well-suited for field trials and hunting tests, where they excel in obedience and performance.

Health and Genetic Considerations

Potential owners should be vigilant for signs of health issues such as hip dysplasia, which can affect large breed dogs, and other musculoskeletal disorders. Additionally, eye disorders, such as cataracts, may be a concern.

This includes being vigilant for signs of health issues and discussing any concerns with a veterinarian who is familiar with the breed.

Breeder Purpose and Sporting Abilities

The Saint-Usuge Spaniel was bred for sporting purposes, particularly as a pointing and retrieving gundog. The breed's intelligence and trainability have been honed over centuries of selective breeding, resulting in a dog that is highly capable in the field. Despite their sporting heritage, the Saint-Usuge Spaniel is also well-suited for life as a family pet. Their friendly nature and eagerness to please make them a great choice for active households that can provide them with the mental and physical stimulation they need.

Recognition and Popularity

The Saint-Usuge Spaniel has gained recognition within France, being recognized by the Société Centrale Canine (French Kennel Club) in 2003. While not yet fully recognized by major international kennel clubs such as the American Kennel Club or the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, the breed is listed in the American Kennel Club's companion animal recovery scheme, indicating its potential for recognition in the future.

Since the breed club's founding in 1990, more than 1,200 Saint-Usuge Spaniels have been bred, and the breed has gained a following in various countries, including Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Canada, and the United States. The breed's international presence is a reflection of its appeal to dog enthusiasts around the world, who appreciate its sporting abilities and family-friendly temperament.

Buying a Saint-Usuge Spaniel

When considering the purchase of a Saint-Usuge Spaniel, potential owners should be prepared for the following:

• Be prepared for potential genetic health issues, and maintain a healthy lifestyle for your dog.
• Training and Exercise: The Saint-Usuge Spaniel is an intelligent and energetic breed that requires regular training and exercise to thrive. Consider your lifestyle and ability to provide the mental and physical stimulation this breed needs.
• Be prepared for an active and engaging lifestyle with your Saint-Usuge Spaniel.

By considering these factors, potential owners can ensure they are well-prepared to welcome a Saint-Usuge Spaniel into their home.