Origin and History

The Black Mouth Cur, also known as the Southern Cur, Southern Black Mouth Cur, and the Yellow Black Mouth Cur, is a medium to large-sized American breed of dog that originated in the Southern United States. This versatile breed has its roots in the south, where it was developed as a popular cur-type hunting dog. The most common conjecture about its ancestry suggests that it descended from dogs, including some Belgian Malinois, brought to southern Mississippi by European settlers. Over time, these dogs were bred into their current form, and the breed spread to regions such as the mountains of Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, Tennessee, and the Big Thicket region of Southeast Texas.

Notably, the Black Mouth Cur is a known genetic contributor to the Florida brown dog, a cattle herder that has been serving as a defense against wild cats, boars, and bears since the early days of cattle ranching in Florida. The Florida Cracker Cur, a descendant of the Black Mouth Cur, is bred for its working ability and typically has a muscular body and a well-developed snout. The Florida Cracker Cur was recognized by the United Kennel Club in 2010.

In 1987, the Southern Black Mouth Cur Breeders Association was formed, with the goal of preserving and promoting the breed. In 1998, the breed was recognized by the United Kennel Club, which has continued to support the breed with registry services. Northern state dog rescue organizations have also been actively transporting rescue dogs of the breed from shelters in the south to new homes, ensuring that the breed's legacy continues.

Physical Description

The Black Mouth Cur is an athletic, muscular dog of medium to large size, known for its robust build and versatile physique. Typically, these dogs stand between 16 and 25 inches (41 and 64 cm) at the shoulder, with some individuals reaching up to 28 inches (71 cm). The breed standard mandates a minimum height of 18 inches (46 cm) for dogs and 16 inches for bitches. In terms of weight, they usually range from 45 to 100 pounds (20 and 45 kg), with the breed standard allowing for significantly lighter animals, with a minimum weight of 40 pounds (18 kg) for dogs and 35 pounds (16 kg) for bitches.

These dogs have a short, dense coat that is usually yellow, fawn, or light brown in color. However, dark brown, brindle, and black individual animals are also known. The head is broad and flat, with drooped ears and a powerful, distinctively melanistic black muzzle. The chest is broad, and the legs are long, as is the tail, which is not normally docked. The Black Mouth Cur's distinctive black mask and lips are a result of the breed's melanistic traits, which are often more pronounced in certain lines.

Temperament and Traits

The Black Mouth Cur is known for its loyal, courageous, intelligent, energetic, and protective nature. These dogs are work-focused and excel in tasks such as herding, hunting, and guarding property. They are extensively used for hunting in the Southern United States, where they are known for their prowess in catching and killing game on the ground, although they may also tree and bay game. The breed's keen sense of smell and strong hunting instincts make it a valuable hunting companion.

Black Mouth Curs are known to be highly alert and can be wary of strangers, which contributes to their protective nature.

Breeder Purpose and Working Abilities

The primary purpose of breeding the Black Mouth Cur is as a hound, which reflects its natural instincts and abilities. This breed is highly valued for its hunting skills, particularly in hunting a variety of game, including bear, feral pig, raccoon, deer, and squirrel. Its reputation as a voracious hunter is well-deserved, and it is often praised for its tenacity and determination in the field. The Black Mouth Cur's working ability is not limited to hunting; it is also used for herding and guarding. Its strong work ethic and protective nature make it a valuable asset in many different capacities.

Black Mouth Curs are often used in field trials, where their natural hunting abilities are put to the test. The American Black Mouth Cur Association (ABMCA) holds field trials and other events that showcase the breed's working abilities.

Health Considerations

Like all breeds, the Black Mouth Cur is prone to certain health conditions. Hip dysplasia, a condition where the hip joint doesn't fit together perfectly, can cause pain and mobility issues in older dogs. Elbow dysplasia, which involves abnormal development of the elbow joint, is also a concern. Other potential health issues include eye disorders, such as cataracts and progressive retinal atrophy, as well as skin issues like allergies and mange.

Some Black Mouth Curs may also be affected by von Willebrand's disease, a genetic disorder that affects blood clotting. It's important for breeders to conduct genetic testing to reduce the incidence of this condition in the breed. Responsible breeders will also provide health clearances from a veterinarian for potential puppy buyers.

Buying a Black Mouth Cur

• Research the breed's history and temperament to ensure it aligns with your expectations. Understanding the breed's working background and its potential health considerations will help you make an informed decision.
• Look for a reputable breeder who can provide health clearances and a good understanding of the breed's needs. A responsible breeder will conduct genetic testing and provide documentation on the health of their dogs.
• Ensure that you have the time and resources to provide adequate exercise, training, and grooming for a Black Mouth Cur. These dogs require a significant amount of physical and mental stimulation to be happy and well-behaved.
• Be prepared for the long-term commitment, as these dogs have a life span of 12-16 years. Owning a Black Mouth Cur requires a commitment to their care and well-being throughout their lifetime.

Understanding the breed's working background and its potential health considerations will help you make an informed decision and provide the best possible care for your new companion. The Black Mouth Cur is a remarkable breed with a rich history and a range of working abilities that make it a valued member of many families and working environments.